Thursday, January 15, 2009

Adverse Drug Reactions

Type A - Augmented response
usually due to high plasma concentrations
can occur at normal plasma concentrations, reflecting inter-individual variability
Type B - unpredictable, dose independent and often serious.

Carbamazepine Core ADRs:
  • Dizziness, drowsiness
  • Rashes/SJS ( increased risk with carbamazepine if HLA - B1502 allele positive.
  • Hyponatremia
  • Leukopenia
  • Hepatitis
Important causes for Stevens Johnson syndrome:
  • Cotrimoxazole
  • Lamotrigine
  • Carbamazepine
  • Phenytoin
  • Barbiturate
  • Sulfasalazine
Drugs probably not associated with Serious Cutaneous adverse reactions:
  • ACEI
  • Beta-blocker
  • Calcium channel blocker
  • Diuretics
  • Sulfonylurea
  • Insulin
Risk Factors for Rhabdomyolysis with Statins:
  • Increased plasma concentrations
  • CYP3A4 inhibitors
  • Gemfibrozil
  • Advanced age
  • High statin dose
CYP2D6 - codeine and metoprolol
CYP2A6 - valporate and paracetamol
CYP2C9 - warfarin